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Experiential Treatment for PTSD
Dr. Kate Hudgins' new book "Experiential Treatment for PTSD" (2002) is now available from Springer Publishing Company.
Abstract: This book presents The Therapeutic Spiral Model (TSM), a systematic modification of psychodrama, for helping professionals working with people who are suffering from severe trauma and post traumatic stress disorder. A step-by-step guide for using experiential methods safely, the author first presents the theoretical foundations of TSM, research and theories on trauma, and experiential psychotherapy as a basis for understanding its development. Throughout, clinical action structures and advanced intervention modules for using experiential methods are presented. Each chapter contains action vignettes and case examples to demonstrate the process and progress of the spiral technique.
PSYCHODRAMA, SURPLUS REALITY, AND THE ART OF HEALING
This book shows how the psychodrama director joins and enlarges the fantasy world of the protagonist, thereby opening up new possibilities for trying out in action. Active imagination is often called for and is a quality which enriches the director's armamentarium.Read book reviews published in:
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Psychodrama with Trauma Survivors: Acting Out Your Pain
Co-edited by Dr. Kate Hudgins and Peter Felix Kellermann (2001).
Available from Barnes and Noble and Amazon.com.
Abstract: In a world where natural, social and political disasters are a daily reality, the therapist is increasingly called upon to find rapid and effective methods of treating the survivors of trauma, including sexual abuse, torture, war-related trauma, addiction, depression and bereavement. The contributors to this book provide persuasive evidence of how psychodrama can safely be used to create paths of change for even the most severe traumatization and they also discuss the possible transmission of trauma patterns across generations
Research into PTSD has shown that many trauma symptoms are unconscious, non-verbal, right-brained experiences which cannot be accessed through talk therapy. Psychodrama creates a place to act out unprocessed trauma within the containment of therapy in order to stop the obsessive repetition of the past. This book documents the impact of trauma and explores the development of treatment, providing integrated models of experiential treatment for clinicians to use. It is an invaluable resource for those interested in psychdrama and those working with trauma survivors.

This program is valuable for those who care about the PTSD sufferer in their life. It explains what PTSD is, why it is important to learn about this medical disorder, what you can do to help, ways to treat it, how to deal with the caregiver burden and how PTSD affects the family and other relationships.
Survivors of trauma often have difficulty believing that they will ever recover. This film provides a realistic message of hope and teaches family members and community how they can assist in the recovery process.
The program features Dr. Frank Ochberg and Dr. Angelea Panos. Both are close advisors to Gift From Within.
Endorsement
Review By: Jacqueline Garrick, ACSW, CSW, BCETS
This program is excellent, and unfortunately there is not enough of this kind of info out there. In 18 minutes, Living with PTSD gives caregivers a new perspective and a framework for how to interact and support friends or loved ones diagnosed with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The DVD features renowned psychiatrist, Frank Ochberg and psychologist Angie Panos who discuss the issues PTSD sufferers face and how caregivers can best respond.
Newly Added Articles 2003
Research and Articles on Neurology
Information on Adolescent Brains
TSM and TSM Related Articles
Other Articles

PRESS INFO >>
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Article in Counselor Magazine
Click this link to see an article about the Therapeutic Spiral Model printed in Counselor Magazine.
Body Double and Containing Double Articles

Alliance: The quality of relationship as perceived by the client. (Duncan & Miller, 2000)
Attachment Theory: Developed by John Bowlby, which sees mother/child attachment as critical for both emotional and physical reasons as mothers provide support and protection. Anxiety aroused by separation signals danger and a biological as well as psychological response. (Bowlby, J., Attachment & Loss, Vol. 1-3, 1969, 1973, 1980, in Holmes, The Inner World Outside, 1992, p. 140)
Body Dialogue: An action structure in which the client role reverses with the body in order to develop an empathic relationship with the body. (Ciotola, 2003, www.fitness-movement.com)
Body Double (BD): The body double intervention module. This is a prescriptive role from the TSIRA that is used to decrease dissociation and help people experience their bodies in a healthy state. (Hudgins, Experiential Treatment for PTSD, 2002, p. 204)
Containing Double (CD): The containing double intervention module. This is a prescriptive role from the TSIRA that is used to increase cognitive processing and narrative labeling in the face of trauma material. (Hudgins, Experiential Treatment for PTSD. 2002, p. 205)
Developmental Theory: The study of human development at every stage, from conception to death, examining physical, intellectual, and emotional change, identifying factors which support healthy development and those which impair it. (Berger, The Developing Person Through Life Span, 1994, p. 4)
Double (Classical): The Protagonist is joined by an auxiliary, either a trained co-therapist or a group member, whose role is to function as a support in presenting the protagonist’s position or feelings. Doubles should first work toward establishing an empathic bond with the protagonist. In general, they stand to the side of and at a slight angle to the protagonist so that they can replicate the nonverbal communications and present a kind of "united front". The double is one of the most important and basic techniques in psychodrama. (Leveton in Blatner, Foundations of Psychodrama. 1988, p.164)
Empathic Attunement: An intuitive mode of perceiving another’s experience, both affectively and cognitively. (Arlow, J. in Corsini & Wedding, Current Psychotherapies, 2000, p. 44)
Entrainment: The tendency for two oscillating bodies to lock into phase so that they vibrate in harmony. Synchronization of body rhythms with musical rhythms. (Neimark, Sound Healing Natural Health p. 73)
Limbic Resonance: A symphony of mutual exchange and internal adaptation whereby two mammals become attuned to each other’s inner states. When we look into the ocular portals to a limbic brain our vision goes deep: the sensations multiply, just as two mirrors placed in opposition create a shimmering ricochet of reflections whose depths recede into infinity. When we meet the gaze of another, two nervous systems achieve a palpable and intimate apposition. (Lewis, Amini, & Lannon, A General Theory of Love, 2000, p. 63)
Manager of Healthy Functioning: A transformative role that develops from the interaction of the keeper of defenses, the change agent role, and the other prescriptive roles. This role goes beyond defenses and finds healthy, adaptive coping skills such as honest communication, trusting intimacy, et cetera. (Hudgins, Experiential Treatment for PTSD, 2002, pp. 205-206)
Mirror(ing): The protagonist stands back and watches while the role he portrayed is replayed by an auxiliary. A family interaction may also be mirrored or a parent can watch a scene from his own childhood as a way of gaining insight regarding his own parenting behavior. This is a human version of videotape playback. It can be a powerful . . . technique and must be used with discretion. (Torrance in Blatner, Foundations of Psychodrama. 1988, p. 169)
Neurobiology: The branch of biology that deals with the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. (Webster’s Dictionary)
Object Relations Theory: A psychology of the mind developed by certain of Freud’s successors: in Britain by Melanie Klein, W.R.D. Fairbairn, D.W. Winnicott, Harry Guntrip, and John Bowlby (among others), and in the United States by psychoanalysts such as Otto Kernberg.
Their theories are concerned with the consequences of an individual’s relationships with the external world on their internal psychic world. The psyche and the personality are seen as being, in part, a result of the relationships made with people in the external world, which are remembered or internalized as ‘object relationships’ in the mind. In this respect, childhood is considered to be the most formative period of a person’s life, although internal object relationships can be changed in adult life by, say, psychotherapy or other powerful life experiences.
The term ‘object’ is taken in this theory to refer both to people, or parts of people, in the external world and to the internal psychic ‘objects’ or representations in the mind that result from these relationships. (Holmes, The Inner World Outside, 1992, p. 8)
Role Reversal: The major participants in an interaction change roles. When a protagonist in a psychodrama role reverses, it is a way of transcending the habitual limitations of egocentricity. Role reversal is indicated when it is appropriate for the protagonist to empathize with the other person’s viewpoint. Also, role reversal is used during the setting up of a scene and the warming up of an auxiliary. The protagonist reverses roles and demonstrates how the other person in the scene behaves, thus giving nonverbal cues to the auxiliary so that the scene is played relatively close to the protagonist’s experience. (This is also called changing parts or switching roles.) (Blatner, Foundations of Psychodrama. 1988, pp. 174-175)
Self-Soothing Voice: Based upon neurobiology and object relations theory, this musical prescriptive role uses the elements of sound, rhythm, tone, melody, and lyrics to calm the limbic system, facilitate developmental repair, and lay the groundwork for meaning making. (Amsden, K., A Musical Road to Recovery: Healing the Effects of Trauma With Music and Experiential Methods of Practice, 2004)
Spiritual Double: A double designed to identify and hold onto Spiritual experience and insight as it occurs, and as it is relevant in a difficult moment, enabling the protagonist to call upon and employ spiritual strength. (Culbertson, R., 2003 personal conversation)
Spiritual Evolution: Theory developed by Teilhard de Chardin proposing that humans have a soul which evolves through time and "that mind and matter are not two antagonists substances, but two aspects of the same cosmic stuff." (Kopp, J. in Chardin, A New Synthesis of Evolution, 1964, p. 20)
Spontaneity Theory: J. L. Moreno’s definition as "a new response to an old situation, or an adequate response to a new situation". The central ingredient in the process of psychodrama and of healthy living. (Blatner, Foundations in Psychodrama, 1988, p. 20)
Adam Blatner, M.D.
(please reply to adam@blatner.com
website: www.blatner.com/adam/
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